My CCNA Routing&Switching Experience (LAB)

I can say that it has 2 parts. Funny part (lab) and boring part (terms).

LAB:

First find a good lab for Cisco.

• GNS 3: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=APpcufvoCZQ
• Cisco Packet Tracer: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=haCk1oBG394

I recommend go with Cisco Packet Tracer and complete the course of Cisco Networking Academy. It explains the tool nicely. Pay attention to:

• Items
• Cable Types: Make sure you choose the correct one and the ports are up.
• Computer LAN Sockets
• Simulation
• PDU (Simple and Complex): You can see all details as OSI layers in complex mode.
• Show All/None Filter
• 
  

Basic Setup:

Also, watch https://www.youtube.com/watch?time_continue=496&v=-zvihHxrfzM (4 parts)

• ? => shows what I can type
• ping ? => shows what I can type starting with ping
• To go privilege mode, type "enable"
• Then type the followings
• show running-config (Space=>more  &  esc = >enough)
• "configure terminal" (You enter config mode) OR "conf t"
• hostname R1
• When you press ctrl+C or type "exit"; you will exit the config mode.
• Pressing Tab, completes the command. I type "show r" and press tab. It completes it as show running-config. (I am not in the config mode.)
• reload => rebooting.
• To enable consoleline
• When you run show running-config you will see line con 0 at the end of the result.
• Go config by typing "configure terminal"
• Then type "line console 0"
• "password kurt" => the console password is kurt right now.
• "login" => it enables console line to login the router.
• "exit" (2 times) or Ctrl+C or "end" Right now, you are at enable mode. Your command line looks like R1#
• "copy running-config startup-config" OR "copy run start" (alias) to save the configuration.
• reload
• To enable virtual terminal (vty 0 4): Max. 5 users can connect the router by using virtual terminal. (0,1,2,3,4 : It looks like array.) If it is not enabled. No one can connect to router by using Putty. 
• "line vty 0 4"
• same steps as consoleline
• To see how to connect via vty (https://youtu.be/Fdp7MHD0RQ8?t=420 ; Pay attention to crossover cable! (The connection between router and comp.)) 
• IP Address: In config mode; "interface fast" then Tab. You will have "interface fastEthernet" Check your router interface name. 0/0 or 0/1. Then,
• interface fastEthernet 0/0
• ip address 192.168.1.1 255.255.255.0
• no shutdown (This interface will be ON!)
• copy run start (DON'T FORGET to save the configuration! You need to do it on enable mode. Your command line looks like R1# )
  HW: Try to connect your router by using cmd. (Don't forget to give comp IP address.)
• To put another password to config mode: On config mode; "enable password kurt" and save your configuration. To remove it, type "no enable password"
• To make password encrypt. On config mode; "enable secret kurt1" To remove; "no enable secret"
  If you have secret and password. Secret over-ride password. 
  "service password-encryption" makes all password encrypted!
• To put message (banner message) on CLI 
• On config mode; (looks like => R1 (config)#  ) type banner ?; you will two options go with motd option. So type "banner motd #Sen gercek user misin?# Save it. Exit router, you will see it before entering router.

YOU CAN DO ALL STEPS BY CONNECTING A COMPUTER via terminal  (cmd>telnet).
Via Putty; you can connect by using aux, console cable.

Please note that in real CCNA exam, you can't go router CLI directly. (not like cisco packet tracer)

Other Important Notes:

• When you put ? to see what is your options, you should put ? after a space.
• "show" command works when you're at active mode. ( Switch 1# show )
• If you want configure anything, go to config mode ( conf t ) then go to what you need!
  For example;
• You want to make port 0/11 is a trunk port: Go to port first (interface fa 0/11 > switchport  mode trunk )
• You want to create vlan 11: Type vlan 
• You want to make port 0/11 is a member of vlan 11: Go to port first (interface fa 0/11 > switchport  access vlan 11 )